In Twentieth Century’s Literature, the various declinations and rewritings of the Odysseus’ theme were conducted both in the tragic and the anti-tragic mode: the latter involving often, but not necessarily, the use of narrative strategies of parody. Referring to Hans Blumenberg (1979), we can speak of a constant “work on myth” that goes hand in hand with the development of postmodern poetics and elaboration of history, characterized by different narrative styles and strategies depending on the literary and cultural context in which they are inserted. Starting from one of the main theories about literary rewriting, as well as about mythopoetic and mythocritical discourse in twentieth century, this article aims to examine in a comparative perspective two novels, conceived almost at the same time in the Fifties, even if published separated by a distance of years. This is the "Mediterranean" novel Hocynus Orca (1975), by the Sicilian Stefano D'Arrigo, and Das Testament des Odysseus (1957), by the German writer Walter Jens, who is also known for his theoretical work on Greek mythology and tragedy. In these novels both authors choose the odyssean hypotext for liaising with the difficult legacy of World War II, but also to express its positioning in the contemporary world. The need to "complete" (Blumenberg) the myth of Ulysses thus produces in D'Arrigo a reinterpretation of the novel in the epic and tragic way, while Jens escapes to the anti-tragic modus offering to its anti-hero a secondary way out from his own myth.
Nella letteratura del Novecento, le varie declinazioni e riscritture del mito di Ulisse sono state condotte in senso sia tragico che antitragico, una modalità, quest’ultima, che spesso, ma non necessariamente, implica l’uso di strategie narrative inerenti alla parodia. Con Hans Blumenberg (1979), possiamo infatti parlare di un costante “lavoro sul mito”, che va di pari passo con lo sviluppo di poetiche postmoderne e di elaborazioni della Storia, le quali seguono strategie e tonalità narrative diverse a seconda del contesto culturale e letterario nel quale esse sono inserite. Partendo da una delle principali teorie circa la riscrittura letteraria, nonché circa il discorso mitopoietico e mitocritico nel Novecento, questo intervento intende esaminare in un’ottica comparativa due romanzi, concepiti quasi parallelamente negli anni ’50, anche se pubblicati con tempistiche ben differenti. Si tratta del romanzo “mediterraneo” Hocynus Orca (1975) di Stefano D’Arrigo e di Das Testament des Odysseus (1957), dello scrittore tedesco Walter Jens, noto anche per i suoi lavori teorici sulla tragedia e la mitologia greca. Entrambi gli autori scelgono, nei romanzi appena citati, l’ipotesto odissaico per rapportarsi con la difficile eredità della seconda guerra mondiale, ma anche per esprimere il proprio posizionamento nel mondo contemporaneo. La necessità di “portare a termine” (Blumenberg) il mito di Ulisse produce così in D’Arrigo una reinterpretazione del genere romanzo in chiave epica e tragica, mentre Jens sfugge al modus tragico offrendo al suo anti-eroe una via d’uscita secondaria dal suo stesso mito.
"Il mito di Ulisse nel romanzo del secondo Novecento: il tragico e l'antitragico in Stefano D'Arrigo e Walter Jens"
MOLL N
2017-01-01
Abstract
In Twentieth Century’s Literature, the various declinations and rewritings of the Odysseus’ theme were conducted both in the tragic and the anti-tragic mode: the latter involving often, but not necessarily, the use of narrative strategies of parody. Referring to Hans Blumenberg (1979), we can speak of a constant “work on myth” that goes hand in hand with the development of postmodern poetics and elaboration of history, characterized by different narrative styles and strategies depending on the literary and cultural context in which they are inserted. Starting from one of the main theories about literary rewriting, as well as about mythopoetic and mythocritical discourse in twentieth century, this article aims to examine in a comparative perspective two novels, conceived almost at the same time in the Fifties, even if published separated by a distance of years. This is the "Mediterranean" novel Hocynus Orca (1975), by the Sicilian Stefano D'Arrigo, and Das Testament des Odysseus (1957), by the German writer Walter Jens, who is also known for his theoretical work on Greek mythology and tragedy. In these novels both authors choose the odyssean hypotext for liaising with the difficult legacy of World War II, but also to express its positioning in the contemporary world. The need to "complete" (Blumenberg) the myth of Ulysses thus produces in D'Arrigo a reinterpretation of the novel in the epic and tragic way, while Jens escapes to the anti-tragic modus offering to its anti-hero a secondary way out from his own myth.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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